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FLASH GENE

Symbol

TRAK2

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 05-05-2017

HGNC name	trafficking protein, kinesin binding 2
HGNC id	13206

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_015049 16 - 6527 NP_055864 101 914 only expressed in excitable tissues, i.e. brain, heart, and skeletal muscle 2002 12034717 variant 2 - - 45745 isoform 2 - 469 widely 2002 12034717 C-terminally truncated form

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular heart       highly Nervous brain       highly   spinal cord       highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / Hematopoietic bone marrow       Nervous central

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	coiled coil domains
	a HAP1 N-terminal domain
	a Miro-binding domain (TRAK2-MBD)

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to rat Grif1
	ortholog to drosophila Milton

intraspecies

homolog to Huntingtin associated protein HAP1

Homologene

FAMILY

CATEGORY

regulatory

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
	intracellular,nucleus
text	colocalization with HGS on early endosomes

basic FUNCTION	targeting OGT to GABA receptor
	playing a role in protein and/or organelle transport in excitable cells in a manner analogous to glutamate receptor-interacting-protein 1
	acting as a kinesin adaptor molecule requisite for the anterograde delivery of defined cargoes such as mitochondria and/or vesicles incorporating beta2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors, in the brain
	involved in protein trafficking and signal transduction that might be relevant to, for example, the processing of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta-production
	a role for TRAK2 as a kinesin adaptor molecule requisite for the anterograde delivery of defined cargoes such as mitochondria and/or vesicles incorporating beta2 subunit-containing GABA-A receptors, in the brain
	regulator of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking, that may also participate in microtubule-based transport of early endosomes by acting as an adaptor linking HGS-containing endosomes to kinesin
	new regulator of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking
	may also participate in microtubule-based transport of early endosomes by acting as an adaptor linking HGS-containing endosomes to kinesin
	RHOT1 and TRAK2, play an important role in regulating mitochondrial transport in neurons
	pivotal contribution of the endogenous TRAK family of kinesin adaptors TRAK1 and TRAK2 to the regulation of mitochondrial mobility
	central role for TRAK1 and TRAK2 in mitochondrial trafficking mechanisms but suggesing that the contributions of each to the mediation and regulation of this transport may be distinct
	TRAK1 and TRAK2, which link mitochondria to microtubule-based motors, are required for axonal and dendritic mitochondrial motility and utilize different transport machineries to steer mitochondria into axons and dendrites
	pivotal role for TRAK1 and TRAK2 in the transport of mitochondria and in the intracellular transport of GABAA receptors
	HAP1, TRAK1 and TRAK2 have a degree of common function, particularly regarding intracellular receptor trafficking
	kinesin adaptor proteins, TRAK1 and TRAK2, play an important role in mitochondrial transport in neurons
	controls mitochondrial transport in dendrites
	in mature hippocampal and cortical neurons, TRAK1 predominantly mediates axonal mitochondrial transport whereas dendritic transport is mediated via TRAK2

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	targeting OGT to GABA(A)receptor for mediating GABA signalling cascades
	interacts with GABA-A receptor and o-glcnac transferase
	interacts with RHOT1/miro-1 and RHOT2/miro-2
	association with kinesin in native brain and heart tissue
	can bind to the tetrameric kinesin light-chain/kinesin heavy-chain complex
	direct association between KIF5C C-terminal and TRAK2 N-terminal regions
	interacts with hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS), an essential component of the endosomal sorting machinery
	selective binding by TRAK1 and/or TRAK2 to different members of the kinesin transport family or to RHOT1 and RHOT2 may represent crucial regulatory points in controlling the traffic of mitochondrial cargoes in neurons
	ARMCX3 expression levels regulate mitochondrial dynamics and trafficking in neurons, and interacts with the Kinesin/ROTH1, 2/TRAK2 complex in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner
	TRAK2 predominantly interacts with dynein/dynactin, is more abundantly present in dendrites, and is required for dendritic development
	DISC1 couples to the mitochondrial transport and fusion machinery via interaction with the outer mitochondrial membrane GTPase proteins RHOT1, RHOT2, the TRAK1 and TRAK2 mitochondrial trafficking adaptors, and the mitochondrial fusion proteins (mitofusins)
	APC interactions with the mitochondrial kinesin-motor complex RHOT1/TRAK2 that were mediated by the APC C-terminus

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Susceptibility

to late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS